NOTE / NOTE Comparison between shell morphology and genetic diversity in two sympatric lymnaeid snails, vectors of fasciolosis
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چکیده
Species determination of freshwater snails is particularly important in the case of disease vectors. In central France, for example, it has been shown that Galba truncatula (Müller, 1774) and Omphiscola glabra (Müller, 1774), which can be found in sympatry, are intermediate hosts for fasciolosis. Although these two species are distinguishable based on their shell morphology, some snails present in sympatric zones possess shell characteristics that are common to both species, suggesting possible gene flow. To test this hypothesis, we carried out multilocus enzyme electrophoreses on individuals sampled in one zone of sympatry. Our results clearly show that all snails with shell characteristics common to both species are O. glabra. We also note an absence of hybridization between G. truncatula and O. glabra in the study area. Remarkably, we observe a total monomorphism at the six studied loci among individuals of G. truncatula. Similarly, we find a total lack of heterozygotes in the O. glabra sample (with classic or intermediate shell characteristics). These results suggest a predominance of selfing in the reproductive mode of both species. Our results suggest that conchological characteristics can provide information about the taxonomic position of lymnaeids. However, they are insufficient to confidently differentiate species. 1648 Résumé : Le problème de la systématique des mollusques dulçaquicoles se pose de façon d’autant plus cruciale que de nombreuses espèces sont vectrices de parasites largement répandus. En particulier, il a été montré dans le Centre de la France que Galba truncatula (Müller, 1774) et Omphiscola glabra (Müller, 1774), tous deux hôtes intermédiaires de la grande douve du foie, pouvaient se trouver en sympatrie. Les deux espèces peuvent être distinguées par la morphologie de leur coquille mais il existe, dans les zones de sympatrie, des individus possédant des caractéristiques communes aux deux espèces suggérant ainsi la possibilité d’hybridations. Pour tester cette hypothèse, nous avons effectué des électrophorèses enzymatiques multi-locus sur des individus échantillonnés dans une zone de sympatrie. Tous les individus présentant un morphotype intermédiaire ont un génotype comparable aux individus O. glabra. Les résultats montrent clairement qu’il n’existe aucun phénomène d’hybridation entre G. truncatula et O. glabra dans la zone d’étude. De façon remarquable, tous les individus G. truncatula présentent une absence totale de polymorphisme aux six loci étudiés. Parmi les échantillons de l’espèce O. glabra (en incluant les individus de morphotype classique et de morphotype intermédiaire), aucun hétérozygote n’a été détecté. Ces résultats suggèrent que les deux espèces seraient majoritairement autofécondantes. Les critères morphologiques des coquilles peuvent donc aider à déterminer la position systématique des individus, mais ne sont toutefois pas suffisants pour trancher entre deux espèces. Hurtrez-Boussès et al. Can. J. Zool. 83: 1643–1648 (2005) doi: 10.1139/Z05-150 © 2005 NRC Canada 1643 Received 29 November 2004. Accepted 13 October 2005. Published on the NRC Research Press Web site at http://cjz.nrc.ca on 14 December 2005. S. Hurtrez-Boussès,1 A. Pendino, C. Barnabé, P. Durand, C. Durand, and F. Renaud. équipe « Evolution des Systèmes Symbiotiques » Génétique et Evolution des Maladies Infectieuses UMR 2724 CNRS–IRD, 911, Avenue Agropolis, B.P. 64501, F-34394 Montpellier CEDEX, France. D. Rondelaud. Faculté de Médecine de Limoges 2, rue du Docteur Marcland, F-87025 Limoges CEDEX, France. C. Meunier. équipe « Evolution des Systèmes Symbiotiques » Génétique et Evolution des Maladies Infectieuses UMR 2724 CNRS–IRD, 911, Avenue Agropolis, B.P. 64501, F-34394 Montpellier CEDEX, France, and Institut des Sciences de l’Evolution de Montpellier UMR 5554 CNRS – Université Montpellier II, Place Eugène Bataillon, cc065, F-34095 Montpellier CEDEX 5, France. J.-E. Hurtrez. Département de Géologie et Océanographie, UMR 5805 EPOC CNRS – Université Bordeaux I, Avenue des Facultés, F-33405 Talence CEDEX, France. 1Corresponding author (e-mail: [email protected]).
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